routing
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+ | ====== Cell ====== | ||
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+ | Because of the way contacts and cell interconnect the spacing between them can help identify some of the metalization process. | ||
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+ | {{: | ||
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+ | This indicates that it is likely at least 3M as 2M chips take advantage of spacing between cells to hop wires. | ||
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+ | ====== Power ====== | ||
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+ | ===== Ad-hoc rings ===== | ||
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+ | Two more or less parallel wires circle the chip. Every power rail is hand routed where it needs to go and the rails are interleaved so that they don't need to cross. | ||
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+ | {{: | ||
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+ | ===== Racetrack ===== | ||
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+ | Perimeter has one metal layer with a large VDD bus and a second with a large VSS bus. They sandwich on top of each other to provide some filtering capacitance. | ||
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+ | ===== Dedicated power and ground layers ===== | ||
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+ | Obviously only on many metal chips (6+) as this requires significant resources. | ||
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